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Browsing AUT Research Institutes, Centres and Networks by Author "Abate, KH"
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- ItemThe burden of cardiovascular diseases among US states, 1990-2016(American Medical Association, 2018) Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Collaboration; Roth, GA; Johnson, CO; Abate, KH; Abd-Allah, F; Ahmed, M; Alam, K; Alam, T; Alvis-Guzman, N; Ansari, H; Ärnlöv, J; Atey, TM; Awasthi, A; Awoke, T; Barac, A; Bärnighausen, T; Bedi, N; Bennett, D; Bensenor, I; Biadgilign, S; Castañeda-Orjuela, C; Catalá-López, F; Davletov, K; Dharmaratne, S; Ding, EL; Dubey, M; Faraon, EJA; Farid, T; Farvid, MS; Feigin, V; Fernandes, J; Frostad, J; Gebru, A; Geleijnse, JM; Gona, PN; Griswold, M; Hailu, GB; Hankey, GJ; Hassen, HY; Havmoeller, R; Hay, S; Heckbert, SR; Irvine, CMS; James, SL; Jara, D; Kasaeian, A; Khan, AR; Khera, S; Khoja, AT; Khubchandani, J; Kim, D; Kolte, D; Lal, D; Larsson, A; Linn, S; Lotufo, PA; Magdy Abd El Razek, H; Mazidi, M; Meier, T; Mendoza, W; Mensah, GA; Meretoja, A; Mezgebe, HB; Mirrakhimov, E; Mohammed, S; Moran, AE; Nguyen, G; Nguyen, M; Ong, KL; Owolabi, M; Pletcher, M; Pourmalek, F; Purcell, CA; Qorbani, M; Rahman, M; Rai, RK; Ram, U; Reitsma, MB; Renzaho, AMN; Rios-Blancas, MJ; Safiri, S; Salomon, JA; Sartorius, B; Sepanlou, SG; Shaikh, MA; Silva, D; Stranges, S; Tabarés-Seisdedos, R; Tadele Atnafu, N; Thakur, JS; Topor-Madry, R; Truelsen, T; Tuzcu, EM; Tyrovolas, S; Ukwaja, KN; Vasankari, T; Vlassov, V; Vollset, SE; Wakayo, T; Weintraub, R; Wolfe, C; Workicho, A; Xu, G; Yadgir, S; Yano, Y; Yip, P; Yonemoto, N; Younis, M; Yu, C; Zaidi, Z; Zaki, MES; Zipkin, B; Afshin, A; Gakidou, E; Lim, SS; Mokdad, AH; Naghavi, M; Vos, T; Murray, CJLImportance: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, but regional variation within the United States is large. Comparable and consistent state-level measures of total CVD burden and risk factors have not been produced previously. Objective: To quantify and describe levels and trends of lost health due to CVD within the United States from 1990 to 2016 as well as risk factors driving these changes. Design, Setting, and Participants: Using the Global Burden of Disease methodology, cardiovascular disease mortality, nonfatal health outcomes, and associated risk factors were analyzed by age group, sex, and year from 1990 to 2016 for all residents in the United States using standardized approaches for data processing and statistical modeling. Burden of disease was estimated for 10 groupings of CVD, and comparative risk analysis was performed. Data were analyzed from August 2016 to July 2017. Exposures: Residing in the United States. Main Outcomes and Measures: Cardiovascular disease disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Results: Between 1990 and 2016, age-standardized CVD DALYs for all states decreased. Several states had large rises in their relative rank ordering for total CVD DALYs among states, including Arkansas, Oklahoma, Alabama, Kentucky, Missouri, Indiana, Kansas, Alaska, and Iowa. The rate of decline varied widely across states, and CVD burden increased for a small number of states in the most recent years. Cardiovascular disease DALYs remained twice as large among men compared with women. Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of CVD DALYs in all states, but the second most common varied by state. Trends were driven by 12 groups of risk factors, with the largest attributable CVD burden due to dietary risk exposures followed by high systolic blood pressure, high body mass index, high total cholesterol level, high fasting plasma glucose level, tobacco smoking, and low levels of physical activity. Increases in risk-deleted CVD DALY rates between 2006 and 2016 in 16 states suggest additional unmeasured risks beyond these traditional factors. Conclusions and Relevance: Large disparities in total burden of CVD persist between US states despite marked improvements in CVD burden. Differences in CVD burden are largely attributable to modifiable risk exposures.
- ItemGlobal, Regional, and Country-specific Lifetime Risks of Stroke, 1990 and 2016(Massachusetts Medical Society, 2018) GBD 2016 Lifetime Risk of Stroke Collaborators; Feigin, VL; Nguyen, G; Cercy, K; Johnson, CO; Alam, T; Parmar, PG; Abajobir, AA; Abate, KH; Abd-Allah, F; Abejie, AN; Abyu, GY; Ademi, Z; Agarwal, G; Ahmed, MB; Akinyemi, RO; Al-Raddadi, R; Aminde, LN; Amlie-Lefond, C; Ansari, H; Asayesh, H; Asgedom, SW; Atey, TM; Ayele, HT; Banach, M; Banerjee, A; Barac, A; Barker-Collo, SL; Bärnighausen, T; Barregard, L; Basu, S; Bedi, N; Behzadifar, M; Béjot, Y; Bennett, DA; Bensenor, IM; Berhe, DF; Boneya, DJ; Brainin, M; Campos-Nonato, IR; Caso, V; Castañeda-Orjuela, CA; Rivas, JC; Catalá-López, F; Christensen, H; Criqui, MH; Damasceno, A; Dandona, L; Dandona, R; Davletov, K; de Courten, B; deVeber, G; Dokova, K; Edessa, D; Endres, M; Faraon, EJA; Farvid, MS; Fischer, F; Foreman, K; Forouzanfar, MH; Gall, SL; Gebrehiwot, TT; Geleijnse, JM; Gillum, RF; Giroud, M; Goulart, AC; Gupta, R; Gupta, R; Hachinski, V; Hamadeh, RR; Hankey, GJ; Hareri, HA; Havmoeller, R; Hay, SI; Hegazy, MI; Hibstu, DT; James, SL; Jeemon, P; John, D; Jonas, JB; Jóźwiak, J; Kalani, R; Kandel, A; Kasaeian, A; Kengne, AP; Khader, YS; Khan, AR; Khang, Y-H; Khubchandani, J; Kim, D; Kim, YJ; Kivimaki, M; Kokubo, Y; Kolte, D; Kopec, JA; Kosen, S; Kravchenko, M; Krishnamurthi, R; Kumar, GA; Lafranconi, A; Lavados, PM; Legesse, Y; Li, Y; Liang, X; Lo, WD; Lorkowski, S; Lotufo, PA; Loy, CT; Mackay, MT; Abd El Razek, HM; Mahdavi, M; Majeed, A; Malekzadeh, R; Malta, DC; Mamun, AA; Mantovani, LG; Martins, SCO; Mate, KK; Mazidi, M; Mehata, S; Meier, T; Melaku, YA; Mendoza, W; Mensah, GA; Meretoja, A; Mezgebe, HB; Miazgowski, T; Miller, TR; Ibrahim, NM; Mohammed, S; Mokdad, AH; Moosazadeh, M; Moran, AE; Musa, KI; Negoi, RI; Nguyen, M; Nguyen, QL; Nguyen, TH; Tran, TT; Nguyen, TT; Anggraini Ningrum, DN; Norrving, B; Noubiap, JJ; O’Donnell, MJ; Olagunju, AT; Onuma, OK; Owolabi, MO; Parsaeian, M; Patton, GC; Piradov, M; Pletcher, MA; Pourmalek, F; Prakash, V; Qorbani, M; Rahman, M; Rahman, MA; Rai, RK; Ranta, A; Rawaf, D; Rawaf, S; Renzaho, AMN; Robinson, SR; Sahathevan, R; Sahebkar, A; Salomon, JA; Santalucia, P; Santos, IS; Sartorius, B; Schutte, AE; Sepanlou, SG; Shafieesabet, A; Shaikh, MA; Shamsizadeh, M; Sheth, KN; Sisay, M; Shin, M-J; Shiue, I; Silva, DAS; Sobngwi, E; Soljak, M; Sorensen, RJD; Sposato, LA; Stranges, S; Suliankatchi, RA; Tabarés-Seisdedos, R; Tanne, D; Nguyen, CT; Thakur, JS; Thrift, AG; Tirschwell, DL; Topor-Madry, R; Tran, BX; Nguyen, LT; Truelsen, T; Tsilimparis, N; Tyrovolas, S; Ukwaja, KN; Uthman, OA; Varakin, Y; Vasankari, T; Venketasubramanian, N; Vlassov, VV; Wang, W; Werdecker, A; Wolfe, CDA; Xu, G; Yano, Y; Yonemoto, N; Yu, C; Zaidi, Z; El Sayed Zaki, M; Zhou, M; Ziaeian, B; Zipkin, B; Vos, T; Naghavi, M; Murray, CJL; Roth, GABACKGROUND: The lifetime risk of stroke has been calculated in a limited number of selected populations. We sought to estimate the lifetime risk of stroke at the regional, country, and global level using data from a comprehensive study of the prevalence of major diseases. METHODS: We used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016 estimates of stroke incidence and the competing risks of death from any cause other than stroke to calculate the cumulative lifetime risks of first stroke, ischemic stroke, or hemorrhagic stroke among adults 25 years of age or older. Estimates of the lifetime risks in the years 1990 and 2016 were compared. Countries were categorized into quintiles of the sociodemographic index (SDI) used in the GBD Study, and the risks were compared across quintiles. Comparisons were made with the use of point estimates and uncertainty intervals representing the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles around the estimate. RESULTS: The estimated global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was 24.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.5 to 26.2); the risk among men was 24.7% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.3 to 26.0), and the risk among women was 25.1% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.7 to 26.5). The risk of ischemic stroke was 18.3%, and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke was 8.2%. In high-SDI, high-middle-SDI, and low-SDI countries, the estimated lifetime risk of stroke was 23.5%, 31.1% (highest risk), and 13.2% (lowest risk), respectively; the 95% uncertainty intervals did not overlap between these categories. The highest estimated lifetime risks of stroke according to GBD region were in East Asia (38.8%), Central Europe (31.7%), and Eastern Europe (31.6%), and the lowest risk was in eastern sub-Saharan Africa (11.8%). The mean global lifetime risk of stroke increased from 22.8% in 1990 to 24.9% in 2016, a relative increase of 8.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 6.2 to 11.5); the competing risk of death from any cause other than stroke was considered in this calculation. CONCLUSIONS: In 2016, the global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was approximately 25% among both men and women. There was geographic variation in the lifetime risk of stroke, with the highest risks in East Asia, Central Europe, and Eastern Europe. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.).
- ItemGlobal, Regional, and National Burden of Neurological Disorders During 1990-2015: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015(Elsevier, 2017) Feigin, VL; Abajobir, AA; Abate, KH; Abd-Allah, F; Abdulle, AM; Abera, SF; Abyu, GY; Ahmed, MB; Aichour, AN; Aichour, I; Aichour, MTE; Akinyemi, RO; Alabed, S; Al-Raddadi, R; Alvis-Guzman, N; Amare, AT; Ansari, H; Anwari, P; Arnlov, J; Asayesh, H; Asgedom, SW; Atey, TM; Avila-Burgos, L; Avokpaho, EFGA; Azarpazhooh, MR; Barac, A; Barboza, M; Barker-Collo, SL; Baernighausen, T; Bedi, N; Beghi, E; Bennett, DA; Bensenor, IM; Berhane, A; Betsu, BD; Bhaumik, S; Birlik, SM; Biryukov, S; Boneya, DJ; Bulto, LN; Carabin, H; Casey, D; Castaneda-Orjuela, CA; Catala-Lopez, F; Chen, H; Chitheer, AA; Chowdhury, R; Christensen, H; Dandona, L; Dandona, R; deVeber, GA; Dharmaratne, SD; Do, HP; Dokova, K; Dorsey, ER; Ellenbogen, RG; Eskandarieh, S; Farvid, MS; Fereshtehnejad, S-M; Fischer, F; Foreman, KJ; Geleijnse, JM; Gillum, RF; Giussani, G; Goldberg, EM; Gona, PN; Goulart, AC; Gugnani, HC; Gupta, R; Gupta, R; Hachinski, V; Hamadeh, RR; Hambisa, M; Hankey, GJ; Hareri, HA; Havmoeller, R; Hay, SI; Heydarpour, P; Hotez, PJ; Jakovljevic, MMB; Javanbakht, M; Jeemon, P; Jonas, JB; Kalkonde, Y; Kandel, A; Karch, A; Kasaeian, A; Kastor, A; Keiyoro, PN; Khader, YS; Khalil, IA; Khan, EA; Khang, Y-H; Khoja, AT; Khubchandani, J; Kulkarni, C; Kim, D; Kim, YJ; Kivimaki, M; Kokubo, Y; Kosen, S; Kravchenko, M; Krishnamurthi, RV; Defo, BK; Kumar, GA; Kumar, R; Kyu, HH; Larsson, A; Lavados, PM; Li, Y; Liang, X; Liben, ML; Lo, WD; Logroscino, G; Lotufo, PA; Loy, CT; Mackay, MT; Abd El Razek, HM; Abd El Razek, MM; Majeed, A; Malekzadeh, R; Manhertz, T; Mantovani, LG; Massano, J; Mazidi, M; McAlinden, C; Mehata, S; Mehndiratta, MM; Memish, ZA; Mendoza, W; Mengistie, MA; Mensah, GA; Meretoja, A; Mezgebe, HB; Miller, TR; Mishra, SR; Ibrahim, NM; Mohammadi, A; Mohammed, KE; Mohammed, S; Mokdad, AH; Moradi-Lakeh, M; Velasquez, IM; Musa, KI; Naghavi, M; Ngunjiri, JW; Nguyen, CT; Nguyen, G; Nguyen, QL; Nguyen, TH; Nichols, E; Ningrum, DN; Nong, VM; Norrving, B; Noubiap, JJN; Ogbo, FA; Owolabi, MO; Pandian, JD; Parmar, PG; Pereira, DM; Petzold, M; Phillips, MR; Piradov, MA; Poulton, RG; Pourmalek, F; Qorbani, M; Rafay, A; Rahman, M; Rahman, MH; Rai, RK; Rajsic, S; Ranta, A; Rawaf, S; Renzaho, AMN; Rezai, MS; Roth, GA; Roshandel, G; Rubagotti, E; Sachdev, P; Safiri, S; Sahathevan, R; Sahraian, MA; Samy, AM; Santalucia, P; Santos, IS; Sartorius, B; Satpathy, M; Sawhney, M; Saylan, MI; Sepanlou, SG; Shaikh, MA; Shakir, R; Shamsizadeh, M; Sheth, KN; Shigematsu, M; Shoman, H; Silva, DA; Smith, M; Sobngwi, E; Sposato, LA; Stanaway, JD; Stein, DJ; Steiner, TJ; Stovner, LJ; Abdulkader, RS; Szoeke, CEI; Tabares-Seisdedos, R; Tanne, D; Theadom, AM; Thrift, AG; Tirschwell, DL; Topor-Madry, R; Tran, BX; Truelsen, T; Tuem, KB; Ukwaja, KN; Uthman, OA; Varakin, YY; Vasankari, T; Venketasubramanian, N; Vlassov, VV; Wadilo, F; Wakayo, T; Wallin, MT; Weiderpass, E; Westerman, R; Wijeratne, T; Wiysonge, CS; Woldu, MA; Wolfe, CDA; Xavier, D; Xu, G; Yano, Y; Yimam, HH; Yonemoto, N; Yu, C; Zaidi, Z; Zaki, MES; Zunt, JR; Murray, CJL; Vos, T; Disorders, GBDNBackground Comparable data on the global and country-specific burden of neurological disorders and their trends are crucial for health-care planning and resource allocation. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study provides such information but does not routinely aggregate results that are of interest to clinicians specialising in neurological conditions. In this systematic analysis, we quantified the global disease burden due to neurological disorders in 2015 and its relationship with country development level. Methods We estimated global and country-specific prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and years lived with disability (YLDs) for various neurological disorders that in the GBD classification have been previously spread across multiple disease groupings. The more inclusive grouping of neurological disorders included stroke, meningitis, encephalitis, tetanus, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron disease, migraine, tension-type headache, medication overuse headache, brain and nervous system cancers, and a residual category of other neurological disorders. We also analysed results based on the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a compound measure of income per capita, education, and fertility, to identify patterns associated with development and how countries fare against expected outcomes relative to their level of development. Findings Neurological disorders ranked as the leading cause group of DALYs in 2015 (250·7 [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 229·1 to 274·7] million, comprising 10·2% of global DALYs) and the second-leading cause group of deaths (9·4 [9·1 to 9·7] million], comprising 16·8% of global deaths). The most prevalent neurological disorders were tension-type headache (1505·9 [UI 1337·3 to 1681·6 million cases]), migraine (958·8 [872·1 to 1055·6] million), medication overuse headache (58·5 [50·8 to 67·4 million]), and Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (46·0 [40·2 to 52·7 million]). Between 1990 and 2015, the number of deaths from neurological disorders increased by 36·7%, and the number of DALYs by 7·4%. These increases occurred despite decreases in age-standardised rates of death and DALYs of 26·1% and 29·7%, respectively; stroke and communicable neurological disorders were responsible for most of these decreases. Communicable neurological disorders were the largest cause of DALYs in countries with low SDI. Stroke rates were highest at middle levels of SDI and lowest at the highest SDI. Most of the changes in DALY rates of neurological disorders with development were driven by changes in YLLs. Interpretation Neurological disorders are an important cause of disability and death worldwide. Globally, the burden of neurological disorders has increased substantially over the past 25 years because of expanding population numbers and ageing, despite substantial decreases in mortality rates from stroke and communicable neurological disorders. The number of patients who will need care by clinicians with expertise in neurological conditions will continue to grow in coming decades. Policy makers and health-care providers should be aware of these trends to provide adequate services.
- ItemPopulation-level Risks of Alcohol Consumption by Amount, Geography, Age, Sex, and Year: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020(Elsevier BV, 2022-07) Bryazka, D; Reitsma, MB; Griswold, MG; Abate, KH; Abbafati, C; Abbasi-Kangevari, M; Abbasi-Kangevari, Z; Abdoli, A; Abdollahi, M; Abdullah, AYM; Abhilash, ES; Abu-Gharbieh, E; Acuna, JM; Addolorato, G; Adebayo, OM; Adekanmbi, V; Adhikari, K; Adhikari, S; Adnani, QES; Afzal, S; Agegnehu, WY; Aggarwal, M; Ahinkorah, BO; Ahmad, AR; Ahmad, S; Ahmad, T; Ahmadi, A; Ahmadi, S; Ahmed, H; Ahmed Rashid, T; Akunna, CJ; Al Hamad, H; Alam, MZ; Alem, DT; Alene, KA; Alimohamadi, Y; Alizadeh, A; Allel, K; Alonso, J; Alvand, S; Alvis-Guzman, N; Amare, F; Ameyaw, EK; Amiri, S; Ancuceanu, R; Anderson, JA; Andrei, CL; Andrei, T; Arabloo, J; Arshad, M; Artamonov, AA; Aryan, Z; Asaad, M; Asemahagn, MA; Astell-Burt, T; Athari, SS; Atnafu, DD; Atorkey, P; Atreya, A; Ausloos, F; Ausloos, M; Ayano, G; Ayanore, MAA; Ayinde, OO; Ayuso-Mateos, JL; Azadnajafabad, S; Azanaw, MM; Azangou-Khyavy, M; Azari Jafari, A; Azzam, AY; Badiye, AD; Bagheri, N; Bagherieh, S; Bairwa, M; Bakkannavar, SM; Bakshi, RK; Balchut/Bilchut, AH; Bärnighausen, TW; Barra, F; Barrow, A; Baskaran, P; Belo, L; Bennett, DA; Benseñor, IM; Bhagavathula, AS; Bhala, N; Bhalla, A; Bhardwaj, N; Bhardwaj, P; Bhaskar, S; Bhattacharyya, K; Bhojaraja, VS; Bintoro, BS; Blokhina, EAE; Bodicha, BBA; Boloor, A; Bosetti, C; Braithwaite, D; Brenner, H; Briko, NI; Brunoni, AR; Butt, ZA; Cao, C; Cao, Y; Cárdenas, R; Carvalho, AF; Carvalho, M; Castaldelli-Maia, JM; Castelpietra, G; Castro-de-Araujo, LFS; Cattaruzza, MS; Chakraborty, PA; Charan, J; Chattu, VK; Chaurasia, A; Cherbuin, N; Chu, D-T; Chudal, N; Chung, S-C; Churko, C; Ciobanu, LG; Cirillo, M; Claro, RM; Costanzo, S; Cowden, RG; Criqui, MH; Cruz-Martins, N; Culbreth, GT; Dachew, BA; Dadras, O; Dai, X; Damiani, G; Dandona, L; Dandona, R; Daniel, BD; Danielewicz, A; Darega Gela, J; Davletov, K; de Araujo, JAP; de Sá-Junior, AR; Debela, SA; Dehghan, A; Demetriades, AK; Derbew Molla, M; Desai, R; Desta, AA; Dias da Silva, D; Diaz, D; Digesa, LE; Diress, M; Dodangeh, M; Dongarwar, D; Dorostkar, F; Dsouza, HL; Duko, B; Duncan, BB; Edvardsson, K; Ekholuenetale, M; Elgar, FJ; Elhadi, M; Elmonem, MA; Endries, AY; Eskandarieh, S; Etemadimanesh, A; Fagbamigbe, AF; Fakhradiyev, IR; Farahmand, F; Farinha, CSES; Faro, A; Farzadfar, F; Fatehizadeh, A; Fauk, NK; Feigin, VL; Feldman, R; Feng, X; Fentaw, Z; Ferrero, S; Ferro Desideri, L; Filip, I; Fischer, F; Francis, JM; Franklin, RC; Gaal, PA; Gad, MM; Gallus, S; Galvano, F; Ganesan, B; Garg, T; Gebrehiwot, MGD; Gebremeskel, TG; Gebremichael, MA; Gemechu, TR; Getacher, L; Getachew, ME; Getachew Obsa, A; Getie, A; Ghaderi, A; Ghafourifard, M; Ghajar, A; Ghamari, S-H; Ghandour, LA; Ghasemi Nour, M; Ghashghaee, A; Ghozy, S; Glozah, FN; Glushkova, EV; Godos, J; Goel, A; Goharinezhad, S; Golechha, M; Goleij, P; Golitaleb, M; Greaves, F; Grivna, M; Grosso, G; Gudayu, TW; Gupta, B; Gupta, R; Gupta, S; Gupta, VB; Gupta, VK; Hafezi-Nejad, N; Haj-Mirzaian, A; Hall, BJ; Halwani, R; Handiso, TB; Hankey, GJ; Hariri, S; Haro, JM; Hasaballah, AI; Hassanian-Moghaddam, H; Hay, SI; Hayat, K; Heidari, G; Heidari, M; Hendrie, D; Herteliu, C; Heyi, DZ; Hezam, K; Hlongwa, MM; Holla, R; Hossain, MM; Hossain, S; Hosseini, SK; hosseinzadeh, M; Hostiuc, M; Hostiuc, S; Hu, G; Huang, J; Hussain, S; Ibitoye, SE; Ilic, IM; Ilic, MD; Immurana, M; Irham, LM; Islam, MM; Islam, RM; Islam, SMS; Iso, H; Itumalla, R; Iwagami, M; Jabbarinejad, R; Jacob, L; Jakovljevic, M; Jamalpoor, Z; Jamshidi, E; Jayapal, SK; Jayarajah, UU; Jayawardena, R; Jebai, R; Jeddi, SA; Jema, AT; Jha, RP; Jindal, HA; Jonas, JB; Joo, T; Joseph, N; Joukar, F; Jozwiak, JJ; Jürisson, M; Kabir, A; Kabthymer, RH; Kamble, BD; Kandel, H; Kanno, GG; Kapoor, N; Karaye, IM; Karimi, SE; Kassa, BG; Kaur, RJ; Kayode, GA; Keykhaei, M; Khajuria, H; Khalilov, R; Khan, IA; Khan, MAB; Kim, H; Kim, J; Kim, MS; Kimokoti, RW; Kivimäki, M; Klymchuk, V; Knudsen, AKS; Kolahi, A-A; Korshunov, VA; Koyanagi, A; Krishan, K; Krishnamoorthy, Y; Kumar, GA; Kumar, N; Kumar, N; Lacey, B; Lallukka, T; Lasrado, S; Lau, J; Lee, S-W; Lee, W-C; Lee, YH; Lim, L-L; Lim, SS; Lobo, SW; Lopukhov, PD; Lorkowski, S; Lozano, R; Lucchetti, G; Madadizadeh, F; Madureira-Carvalho, ÁM; Mahjoub, S; Mahmoodpoor, A; Mahumud, RA; Makki, A; Malekpour, M-R; Manjunatha, N; Mansouri, B; Mansournia, MA; Martinez-Raga, J; Martinez-Villa, FA; Matzopoulos, R; Maulik, PK; Mayeli, M; McGrath, JJ; Meena, JK; Mehrabi Nasab, E; Menezes, RG; Mensink, GBM; Mentis, A-FA; Meretoja, A; Merga, BT; Mestrovic, T; Miao Jonasson, J; Miazgowski, B; Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, AC; Miller, TR; Mini, GK; Mirica, A; Mirijello, A; Mirmoeeni, S; Mirrakhimov, EM; Misra, S; Moazen, B; Mobarakabadi, M; Moccia, M; Mohammad, Y; Mohammadi, E; Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A; Mohammed, TA; Moka, N; Mokdad, AH; Momtazmanesh, S; Moradi, Y; Mostafavi, E; Mubarik, S; Mullany, EC; Mulugeta, BT; Murillo-Zamora, E; Murray, CJL; Mwita, JC; Naghavi, M; Naimzada, MD; Nangia, V; Nayak, BP; Negoi, I; Negoi, RI; Nejadghaderi, SA; Nepal, S; Neupane, SPP; Neupane Kandel, S; Nigatu, YT; Nowroozi, A; Nuruzzaman, KM; Nzoputam, CI; Obamiro, KO; Ogbo, FA; Oguntade, AS; Okati-Aliabad, H; Olakunde, BO; Oliveira, GMM; Omar Bali, A; Omer, E; Ortega-Altamirano, DV; Otoiu, A; Otstavnov, SS; Oumer, B; P A, M; Padron-Monedero, A; Palladino, R; Pana, A; Panda-Jonas, S; Pandey, A; Pandey, A; Pardhan, S; Parekh, T; Park, E-K; Parry, CDH; Pashazadeh Kan, F; Patel, J; Pati, S; Patton, GC; Paudel, U; Pawar, S; Peden, AE; Petcu, I-R; Phillips, MR; Pinheiro, M; Plotnikov, E; Pradhan, PMS; Prashant, A; Quan, J; Radfar, A; Rafiei, A; Raghav, PR; Rahimi-Movaghar, V; Rahman, A; Rahman, MM; Rahman, M; Rahmani, AM; Rahmani, S; Ranabhat, CL; Ranasinghe, P; Rao, CR; Rasali, DP; Rashidi, M-M; Ratan, ZA; Rawaf, DL; Rawaf, S; Rawal, L; Renzaho, AMN; Rezaei, N; Rezaei, S; Rezaeian, M; Riahi, SM; Romero-Rodríguez, E; Roth, GA; Rwegerera, GM; Saddik, B; Sadeghi, E; Sadeghian, R; Saeed, U; Saeedi, F; Sagar, R; Sahebkar, A; Sahoo, H; Sahraian, MA; Saif-Ur-Rahman, KM; Salahi, S; Salimzadeh, H; Samy, AM; Sanmarchi, F; Santric-Milicevic, MM; Sarikhani, Y; Sathian, B; Saya, GK; Sayyah, M; Schmidt, MI; Schutte, AE; Schwarzinger, M; Schwebel, DC; Seidu, A-A; Senthil Kumar, N; SeyedAlinaghi, S; Seylani, A; Sha, F; Shahin, S; Shahraki-Sanavi, F; Shahrokhi, S; Shaikh, MA; Shaker, E; Shakhmardanov, MZ; Shams-Beyranvand, M; Sheikhbahaei, S; Sheikhi, RA; Shetty, A; Shetty, JK; Shiferaw, DS; Shigematsu, M; Shiri, R; Shirkoohi, R; Shivakumar, KM; Shivarov, V; Shobeiri, P; Shrestha, R; Sidemo, NB; Sigfusdottir, ID; Silva, DAS; Silva, NTD; Singh, JA; Singh, S; Skryabin, VY; Skryabina, AA; Sleet, DA; Solmi, M; SOLOMON, Y; Song, S; Song, Y; Sorensen, RJD; Soshnikov, S; Soyiri, IN; Stein, DJ; Subba, SH; Szócska, M; Tabarés-Seisdedos, R; Tabuchi, T; Taheri, M; Tan, K-K; Tareke, M; Tarkang, EE; Temesgen, G; Temesgen, WA; Temsah, M-H; Thankappan, KR; Thapar, R; Thomas, NK; Tiruneh, C; Todorovic, J; Torrado, M; Touvier, M; Tovani-Palone, MR; Tran, MTN; Trias-Llimós, S; Tripathy, JP; Vakilian, A; Valizadeh, R; Varmaghani, M; Varthya, SB; Vasankari, TJ; Vos, T; Wagaye, B; Waheed, Y; Walde, MT; Wang, C; Wang, Y; Wang, Y-P; Westerman, R; Wickramasinghe, ND; Wubetu, AD; Xu, S; Yamagishi, K; Yang, L; Yesera, GEE; Yigit, A; Yiğit, V; Yimaw, AEAE; Yon, DK; Yonemoto, N; Yu, C; Zadey, S; Zahir, M; Zare, I; Zastrozhin, MS; Zastrozhina, A; Zhang, Z-J; Zhong, C; Zmaili, M; Zuniga, YMH; Gakidou, EBackground The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year. Methods For this analysis, we constructed burden-weighted dose–response relative risk curves across 22 health outcomes to estimate the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL) and non-drinker equivalence (NDE), the consumption level at which the health risk is equivalent to that of a non-drinker, using disease rates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020 for 21 regions, including 204 countries and territories, by 5-year age group, sex, and year for individuals aged 15–95 years and older from 1990 to 2020. Based on the NDE, we quantified the population consuming harmful amounts of alcohol. Findings The burden-weighted relative risk curves for alcohol use varied by region and age. Among individuals aged 15–39 years in 2020, the TMREL varied between 0 (95% uncertainty interval 0–0) and 0·603 (0·400–1·00) standard drinks per day, and the NDE varied between 0·002 (0–0) and 1·75 (0·698–4·30) standard drinks per day. Among individuals aged 40 years and older, the burden-weighted relative risk curve was J-shaped for all regions, with a 2020 TMREL that ranged from 0·114 (0–0·403) to 1·87 (0·500–3·30) standard drinks per day and an NDE that ranged between 0·193 (0–0·900) and 6·94 (3·40–8·30) standard drinks per day. Among individuals consuming harmful amounts of alcohol in 2020, 59·1% (54·3–65·4) were aged 15–39 years and 76·9% (73·0–81·3) were male. Interpretation There is strong evidence to support recommendations on alcohol consumption varying by age and location. Stronger interventions, particularly those tailored towards younger individuals, are needed to reduce the substantial global health loss attributable to alcohol.