Kinetic Modelling of Esterification and Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production Utilising Waste-based Resource
aut.relation.articlenumber | 1472 | |
aut.relation.endpage | 1472 | |
aut.relation.issue | 11 | |
aut.relation.journal | Catalysts | |
aut.relation.startpage | 1472 | |
aut.relation.volume | 12 | |
dc.contributor.author | Hazrat, MA | |
dc.contributor.author | Rasul, MG | |
dc.contributor.author | Khan, MMK | |
dc.contributor.author | Ashwath, N | |
dc.contributor.author | Silitonga, AS | |
dc.contributor.author | Fattah, IMR | |
dc.contributor.author | Mahlia, TMI | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-03-21T23:56:17Z | |
dc.date.available | 2023-03-21T23:56:17Z | |
dc.date.copyright | 2022-11-18 | |
dc.description.abstract | Process optimisation and reaction kinetic model development were carried out for two-stage esterification-transesterification reactions of waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel. This study focused on these traditional processes due to their techno-economic feasibility, which is an important factor before deciding on a type of feedstock for industrialisation. Four-factor and two-level face-centred central composite design (CCD) models were used to optimise the process. The kinetic parameters for the esterification and transesterification processes were determined by considering both pseudo-homogeneous irreversible and pseudo-homogeneous first-order irreversible processes. For the esterification process, the optimal conditions were found to be an 8.12:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 1.9 wt.% of WCO for H2SO4, and 60 °C reaction temperature for a period of 90 min. The optimal process conditions for the transesterification process were a 6.1:1 methanol to esterified oil molar ratio, 1.2 wt.% of esterified oil of KOH, reaction temperature of 60 °C, and a reaction time of 110 min in a batch reactor system; the optimal yield was 99.77%. The overall process conversion efficiency was found to be 97.44%. Further research into reaction kinetics will aid in determining the precise reaction process kinetic analysis in future. | |
dc.identifier.citation | Catalysts, ISSN: 2073-4344 (Print); 2073-4344 (Online), MDPI AG, 12(11), 1472-1472. doi: 10.3390/catal12111472 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3390/catal12111472 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 2073-4344 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 2073-4344 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10292/16007 | |
dc.language | en | |
dc.publisher | MDPI AG | |
dc.relation.uri | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/11/1472 | |
dc.rights.accessrights | OpenAccess | |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
dc.subject | 4004 Chemical Engineering | |
dc.subject | 40 Engineering | |
dc.subject | 4018 Nanotechnology | |
dc.subject | 0306 Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural) | |
dc.subject | 3406 Physical chemistry | |
dc.subject | 4004 Chemical engineering | |
dc.subject | 4018 Nanotechnology | |
dc.subject | biodiesel; esterification; transesterification; optimisation; reaction kinetics | |
dc.title | Kinetic Modelling of Esterification and Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production Utilising Waste-based Resource | |
dc.type | Journal Article | |
pubs.elements-id | 496177 |
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